� Popping a Myth | Main | To Readers: How could I improve the blog? �
May 3, 2005
Confessions of an EHM
The hippies are going to love this book. Me? I want my money back. The book rambles, has few facts, and frankly reads like the paranoid ravings of someone whose smoked too much pot while watching Crossfire. Everything after 1981 is pure speculation on his part given that’s when he quit and that’s about 25% of the book. So 75% of the book is memoirs of a period before the Cold War was over, and 25% is just speculation after the fact.
This book purports to tell the story of John Perkins who claims he used to be the Chief Economist for Chas T. Main, some sort of consulting company. Which leads us to what bothers me most about this book. This book does not read like it was written by someone who was an econometrician. It reads like the paranoid ramblings of a Berkeley street person.
According to this book, basically, all of the USAID and World Bank aid programs were shams designed to bring countries into the US fold.
This is supposed to be news? It was called the Cold War, baby, and long time readers of this blog know that I don’t think the US should apologize for winning it. Communism was the worst idea in the history of bad ideas, and its responsible for 20 times the deaths of a pansy-ass lunatic like Adolf. To quote Stalin: “One death is a tragedy, a million deaths is a statistic.”
We should apologize for getting rid of people who said stuff like that? I’m not exactly proud of the Cold War, but at least the right always seemed to realize that their evil dictators were evil, the left seems to have blinders.
Anyways, according to John, the “corpratocracy” that secretly runs the world arranges for Third World countries to accept enormous loans for infrastructure development, and then to make sure that the lucrative projects are contracted to U.S. Corporations. Saddled with uge debts, these countries come under the control of the US government, World Bank, and other US dominated aid agencies that act like loan sharks-dictating repayment terms and bullying foreign governments into submission.
(That’s a paraphrase off the back of the book jacket.)
After reading the book this is what I think happened: When he went to work for MAIN, he was basically told to create overly optimistic economic forecasts so that various third world countries could get World Bank loans. Those loans would then be used to build various infrastructure projects, which would be overseen by MAIN. These sorts of giant infrastructure projects would end up being overseen by the sort of giant construction companies that specialize in that sort of thing: Bechtel, Schlumberger, Halliburton, etc.
In other words, he was a salesman. His job was basically to write up an overly optimistic economic forecast which could be used with the World Bank to justify the enormous loan. Said loan would then be administered by MAIN.
As a long time reader of the magazine run by the actual people who run the world, Foreign Affairs all the other stuff is just paranoid rambling.
Really, this is nothing different then what happens with home loans. You have to get your house appraised to get the loan approved. If the appraisal comes in too low, the loan gets turned down. However, appraisers who come in too low soon stop getting business. Soon enough, only appraisers who can come in at the right number end up with business, because both banks and real estate agents will stop using them.
Is that a conspiracy? No.
There’s another review of the book here on a Peace Corp related site which I found interesting, because like Perkins, he was in the Peace Corp and now works in banking:
But the implication that there is a grand cabal of construction and consulting firms, donor agencies and recipient country leaders with EHM’s wielding their ways through boardrooms and bedchambers, tests the reader’s credulity. Confessions of an Economic Hit Man might have worked as an investigative analysis of foreign aid/loan practices and their shortcomings, with recommendations on how to improve the system. It also might have worked as a piece of fiction, as was suggested by one publisher who saw an earlier draft of the work. “We could market you in the mold of John Le Carre …” the publisher states in Perkins’ preface. In the end, however, the book reads more like a screenplay, with Perkins as the bad-guy-turns-good-guy financial action hero.
That’s the high level view. If you want to know more about some of my specific issues with the book, you can follow the link below.
First a little bit about how the World Bank works. (Great article in Foreign Affairs this month about it.) There are two types of loans: hard loans, which the World Bank uses to make money. Those loans are expected to be repaid, and the financial side of the World Bank makes those, though possibly on slightly better terms then a commercial bank might make. Then there are soft loans. These loans are run by the political side of the World Bank, which basically means “The West”. That is, the US plus Europe. Those loans are much more risky, and are basically guaranteed by the people on the political board.
In other words, the US, UK, France, etc. write checks to the World Bank every year, which they use to make loans that are really aid except we hope that they might get repaid. Given that the World Bank member countries are putting up the money, they’d like to get some of it back. So sometimes, that money is tied such that the money has to be spent with a company based in one of the member countries (not just the US, Schlumberger is French).
None of that is really so terrible, really. US and European taxpayers pay for the loans, and they’d like some back.
Nor does it matter in practice. If you’re going to build a dam or oil pipeline, you need to hire a company that builds dams. There are only a few of those companies in the world, and none of them are based in Ecuador. So lets say the Ecuadorans hire Bechtel to build a dam.
So Bechtel comes in and builds the dam. Now immediately, what Bechtel does is hire a whole bunch of other companies to do various pieces, including a whole bunch of locals. For all the raving about $7B to Halliburton I hear from the hippies, the reality is that a big chunk of that pays for truck drivers from Jordan, potatoes from Syria, etc.
Now you would think an econometrician would understand the difference between revenue and profit. John Perkins doesn’t seem to understand that difference so he raves about how much money the general contractors are getting, and starts throwing out words like “corpratocracy”.
You would also think that someone whose been in the Third World as I have would know that the way these projects usually work is that only about 50% of the aid money ever reaches the project. Typically, what I’ve seen is that the country involved puts out for bids from US companies (since they’re the only one doing whatever it is). Whatever price they quote ($12 million in the project I worked on) is then marked up 100% by a local company. The local company gets the contract (at $24 million), sub-contracts all the work out to the US company (at $12 million). The remaining $12 million gets eaten up in bribes. That’s just the way of the world.
John claims that the US forces them to take the money, but from what I’ve seen, its not that simple. Usually the local dictator wants the money, and wants the giant aid project, purely so he can siphon money out of it. Its the way of the world, unfortunately.
There are some other weirdnesses in the book. He makes a big deal about oil in Indonesia. I didn’t remember Indonesia being a big oil exporter, and they’re not. $8B/Year They’re number 15 on the list here. So that sort of reinforced my early impression that he’s looking at everything through a post-Iraq war lens. Indonesia must be about oil, it can’t be because Sukarta was crazy and near Australia.
In a chapter on Saudi Arabia, he claims credit for the idea of selling the Saudi’s trash pickup a job that eventually went to Waste Management. There’s this implication that their system of “wandering goats” was working just fine, until the evil imperialist Americans came and insisted they have garbage trucks. Now it just so happens that the father of a friend of mine was the guy who sealed the deal with the Saudi’s and Waste Management, and I happen to know that project took 5 year and cost him his marriage. So just from personal knowledge, I know that this guy is off the deep end. I also know that goats will eat a lot, but they won’t eat a sofa…as Saudi Arabia got more modern, they were going to need trash trucks.
In the chapter on Panama he claims that the President of the Panama at the time had this master plan for changing the canal so it wouldn’t need locks and that would have frozen out Bechtel. This is just fantasyland because the Atlantic and Pacific are different heights (tides), and different salinity levels. So that would never have worked. So I just put that down to more raving, but its surprising from someone who was supposedly an economist.
I won’t go into what John calls the modern period, because that was after he quit, and its frankly just raving on his part.
The book has lots of footnotes, which seems weird for a memoir, but not so weird for a political rant. Given that his last few books were on Shamanism:
I was deeply skeptical that John actually did work for MAIN, that he didn’t just make up the whole thing after a little too much peyote. But I haven’t been able to find anything that disproves his history, so I’m giving him the benefit of the doubt for now.
But here’s a quote from his website:
We have entered one of the most important periods in human history, the Time of Prophecies. We have the opportunity to lift ourselves to new levels of consciousness. This time was foretold over the past centuries around the world. Now it is up to us -you and me- to make it happen. What a wonderful gift!
Okaaay…
Posted by the at May 3, 2005 11:20 AM
Trackback Pings
TrackBack URL for this entry:
http://www.opinionatedbastard.com/mt-tb.cgi/322
Comments
sounds like an interesting book, and i have seen this guy interviewed about it. None of his claims you mentioned are new however, there are thousands of theorists who describe the world in the same way.
for the imperial question we have to ask, must financial capital export itself to underdeveloped regions to fend off stagnation? And also, can financial capital be utilized as a tool for power politics in controlling the commerce of foregin countries. Foreign affairs does not address such questions because why would power reflect on its own unethical necessities?
this, again is not liberal loonatic hippie fantasy but the basis of global order and philosophical undertsandings of what constitutes western capitalist power. oppressing and killing people for wealth is as old as civilization and this rule has not changed. it is implicitly condoned in journals like foreign affairs under the concepts of “national interest” and “power”.
ernie
Posted by: ernie at June 1, 2005 11:10 AM
For this guy to be correct, you have to assume that all third world leaders are stupid, and didn’t understand what they were being offered, which I find incredibly patronizing.
Basically, this guy was a salesman, and salesmen always pump themselves up. Calling him self an “economic hit man” is just drama. What he doesn’t realize is that in many cases, his company was hired by the country getting the loan to secure the loan, like hiring a favorable home appraiser.
So yeah, the World Bank is a tool for Western control of the Third World. This is not news. Most of the rest of the stuff in the book is just too-much-peyote.
Posted by: Opinionated Bastard
at June 2, 2005 7:56 AM
Nice piece, Bastard. The goats in Saudi Arabia was unbelieveble but the panamanian president dialogue reeks like disingenuous crap. Still, that the WB is but a wolf in sheep’s clothing tool for western prosperity seems as incontravertible as Martha Stewart caring about my living room.
I’m wondering if you saw the documentary, Life and Debt, about the WB loans to Jamaica, and if not, would you take a looks some day and let us know your thoughts.
Posted by: Mcmitch at June 6, 2005 10:53 PM
3rd world leadrs do not have to be stupid but they do have to be corrupt pragmatists..the US (the core in general) comes by and says “we have an offer you cant refuse” well, the 3rd wold leader either accepts it and become rich like marcos, mombutu, suharto, pinochet, or becomes like noreiga and hussein, either directly invaded or embargoed.
ernie
Posted by: ernie at June 11, 2005 1:59 PM
- Soviets did the same thing during the Cold War.
- We’ve cut way back on that sort of thing since the end of the Cold War.
Posted by: Opinionated Bastard
at June 12, 2005 11:03 AM
I think the book was generally a very difficult read. That being said, the point here is that the West uses its money to have large capital projects built that sometimes are not really necessary. Every government leader from Cities to States, to Countries knows that you have to invest in infrastructure, but in moderation. Even big investments only amortize to 25% of the cash flow of a city. Placing a 50% debt burden on these countries is riduculous. On the flip side, it is the rason we don’t have influence over Iran and North Korea. We haven’t loaned them enough money. I actually heard form a State Department colleague that when the King of Myranmar dismissed the legislature, the State Department was pissed that they had no leverage over the country except for just having a discussion. Funny how diplomany sometimes comes down to actually investing in a relationship.
Posted by: Jigar Shah at June 19, 2005 9:50 AM
Well, I agree with everything you said there Jigar, except I found it an easy read.
I just think the author had delusions of grandeur…calling himself an Economic Hit Man is the kind of thing salesmen do to pump themselves up.
So basically, this guy was a glorified salesman during the Cold War. Why is this news? And everything in the last quarter of the book was just speculation.
Interesting that you’re in the State Department though. Though doesn’t a lot of the debt burden come from unregulated loans, not the world bank? That’s what I seem to remember.
Posted by: Opinionated Bastard
at June 20, 2005 8:24 AM
Yeah, never did work in the State Department, just lived in DC. The biggest problem in most of these places, as John says, is that part of the money lands in the pockets of the leaders as well as their families. The Swiss bank accounts love it.
Posted by: Jigar Shah at June 20, 2005 7:00 PM
I found the book wrong on a couple of fronts. The first has been written already but, as an economist by education, John Perkins is wrong about his economic theory in most cases. Secondly he is wrong about the religious aspect of his book as well. He claimed Islam to be a religion of protection for the lower socioeconomic people and countries. History would disagree with this in almost every documented case. Third and finalally, No one has conversations like he supposedly had. In the chapters on Panama, a man in a park he has never known confides in him, after four generations of his family living in Panama, he does not know the language of Panama and does not care to know anything about the country. His point was made earlier by the cab drier that Americans do not care about other countries and do not even speak the other countries languages. Garbage, all people are that way. Ask any of the hispanic workers who come to the US do not know our language and take our money back to their own. They are not bad people, but just people making it. Strike that last sentece, I believe I just hit on a book that John Perkins can write with me on the conspiracy of the hispanic worker to make money and try to be successful in our country. CONSPIRACY. Surely some of them work for KBR or know someone from Bechtel.
I found CEHM to be a series of manufactured conversations and events that do not pass the smell test.
Posted by: Riley at November 22, 2005 1:10 PM


